|
SMS ''Breslau'' was a of the Imperial German Navy, built in the early 1910s. Following her commissioning, ''Breslau'' and the battlecruiser were assigned to the ''Mittelmeerdivision'' (Mediterranean Division) in response to the Balkan Wars. After evading British warships in the Mediterranean to reach Constantinople, ''Breslau'' and ''Goeben'' were transferred to the Ottoman Empire in August 1914, to entice the Ottomans to join the Central Powers in World War I. The two ships, along with several other Ottoman vessels, raided Russian ports in October 1914, prompting a Russian declaration of war. The ships were renamed ''Midilli'' and ''Yavûz Sultân Selîm'', respectively, and saw extensive service with the Ottoman fleet, primarily in the Black Sea against the Russian Black Sea Fleet. ''Midilli'' was active in laying minefields off the Russian coast, bombarding Russian ports and installations and, because of a shortage of Ottoman merchant ships, transporting troops and supplies to the Black Sea ports supplying Ottoman troops fighting in the Caucasus Campaign. She was lightly damaged several times by Russian ships, but the most serious damage was inflicted by a mine in 1915, which kept her out of service for half of a year. The ship was mined and sunk in January 1918 during the Battle of Imbros, with the loss of the vast majority of her crew. ==Construction== (詳細はErsatz'' " and was laid down at the AG Vulcan shipyard in Stettin in 1910.〔Gröner, p. 107〕 At her launching ceremony on 16 May 1911, she was christened by the mayor of Breslau, the ship's namesake.〔Hildebrand, Röhr & Steinmetz, p. 139〕 After her launching, fitting-out work commenced and lasted until mid-1912. She was commissioned into the High Seas Fleet on 20 August 1912.〔 The ship was long overall and had a beam of and a draft of forward. She displaced at full combat load.〔Gröner, p. 108〕 Her propulsion system consisted of two sets of AEG-Vulcan steam turbines driving two propellers. They were designed to give , but reached in service. These were powered by sixteen coal-fired Marine-type water-tube boilers, although they were later altered to use fuel oil that was sprayed on the coal to increase its burn rate. These gave the ship a top speed of . ''Breslau'' carried of coal, and an additional of oil that gave her a range of approximately at . ''Breslau'' had a crew of 18 officers and 336 enlisted men.〔Gröner, pp. 107–108〕 The ship was armed with twelve in single pedestal mounts. Two were placed side by side forward on the forecastle, eight were located amidships, four on either side, and two were side by side aft.〔Gardiner & Gray, p. 159〕 The guns had a maximum elevation of 30 degrees, which allowed them to engage targets out to .〔Gardiner & Gray, p. 140〕 They were supplied with 1,800 rounds of ammunition, for 150 shells per gun. By 1917, the 10.5 cm guns were replaced with eight , one fore and aft and three on each broadside. She was also equipped with a pair of torpedo tubes with five torpedoes submerged in the hull on the broadside. She could also carry 120 mines. The ship was protected by a waterline armored belt that was thick amidships. The conning tower had thick sides, and the deck was covered with up to 60 mm thick armor plate.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「SMS Breslau」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|